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Formalizing the Gromov-Hausdorff space

Sébastien Gouëzel

cs.LO Aug 31, 2021 · v1
Formalizes the Gromov-Hausdorff space in Lean, addressing set-theoretic subtleties of quotient spaces.
The Gromov-Hausdorff space is usually defined in textbooks as "the space of all compact metric spaces up to isometry". We describe a formalization of this notion in the Lean proof assistant, insisting on how we need to depart from the usual informal viewpoint of mathematicians on this object to get a rigorous formalization.

The Gromov-Hausdorff space, informally described as the space of all compact metric spaces up to isometry, requires careful set-theoretic treatment to formalize because naive quotient constructions over a proper class are not directly expressible in type-theoretic proof assistants.

The paper describes a formalization of the Gromov-Hausdorff space in the Lean proof assistant. It discusses where the informal mathematician's viewpoint must be adapted to produce a rigorous formalization, particularly around the set-theoretic issues of quotienting a type that is too large.

The Gromov-Hausdorff space is formalized in Lean, with the formalization contributed to mathlib. The work demonstrates how departures from standard informal mathematical presentations are sometimes necessary for rigorous formalization.