Learning to Repair Lean Proofs from Compiler Feedback
Evan Wang, Simon Chess, Daniel Lee, Siyuan Ge, Ajit Mallavarapu, Jarod Alper, Vasily Ilin
cs.LG
Feb 3, 2026 · v1
TL;DR
Introduces APRIL, a 260K-tuple dataset pairing erroneous Lean proofs with compiler diagnostics and aligned repair plus explanation targets.
Abstract
As neural theorem provers become increasingly agentic, the ability to interpret and act on compiler feedback is critical. However, existing Lean datasets consist almost exclusively of correct proofs, offering little supervision for understanding and repairing failures. We study Lean proof repair as a supervised learning problem: given an erroneous proof and compiler feedback, predict both a corrected proof and a natural-language diagnosis grounded in the same feedback. We introduce APRIL (Automated Proof Repair in Lean), a dataset of 260,000 supervised tuples pairing systematically generated proof failures with compiler diagnostics and aligned repair and explanation targets. Training language models on APRIL substantially improves repair accuracy and feedback-conditioned reasoning; in our single-shot repair evaluation setting, a finetuned 4B-parameter model outperforms the strongest open-source baseline. We view diagnostic-conditioned supervision as a complementary training signal for feedback-using provers. Our dataset is available at
https://huggingface.co/datasets/uw-math-ai/APRIL.
Problem
Neural theorem provers need to interpret and act on compiler feedback, but existing Lean datasets consist almost exclusively of correct proofs, offering little supervision for understanding and repairing failures.
Approach
The authors study Lean proof repair as a supervised learning problem: given an erroneous proof and compiler feedback, predict both a corrected proof and a natural-language diagnosis. They introduce APRIL (Automated Proof Repair in Lean), a dataset of 260,000 supervised tuples pairing systematically generated proof failures with compiler diagnostics and aligned repair/explanation targets.
Results
Training on APRIL substantially improves repair accuracy and feedback-conditioned reasoning. A finetuned 4B-parameter model outperforms the strongest open-source baseline in single-shot repair evaluation.