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First page of Nondemolition filtering of an embedded cluster-state scar under continuous local monitoring

Nondemolition filtering of an embedded cluster-state scar under continuous local monitoring

Ximo Wang, Xi Zhao, Xiayu Sun, Qiwei Han, Yuhang Wang, Chunxiao Du, Wenxiu Li, Hao Zhang, Rui Li

quant-ph Sep 21, 2026 · v1
A Lean 4 project using Mathlib v4.19.0 formally verifies the cluster-state circuit, the dark-projector and loss-gap identities, and the conditional filtering bounds.
Identifying a low-entanglement eigenstate inside a many-body spectrum and preserving it during measurement are distinct tasks. We construct an explicit local ring Hamiltonian with an exact cluster-state eigenvector and study continuous monitoring of its stabilizer defects. For arbitrary mixed inputs, the conditional cluster fidelity is the initial target weight divided by the no-observed-click probability. A positive defect-operator gap gives finite-time bounds that hold for noncommuting Hamiltonian dynamics, nonnormal effective generators and imperfect detection. At fixed total monitoring rate, the guaranteed exponent falls inversely with system size; high conditional fidelity does not remove the preparation cost set by the initial overlap. Exact diagonalization up to eleven qubits gives finite-size evidence for a cluster-state outlier in a chaotic spectral background. Independent matrix and trajectory calculations verify the dynamics and a conservative coherent-error bound. This construction specializes established scar embedding and nondemolition verification frameworks, with explicit measurement assumptions, finite-time guarantees and resource limitations.

The work asks what continuous local monitoring of stabilizer defects can certify about a low-entanglement cluster eigenstate embedded in a noncommuting, chaotic many-body Hamiltonian. It also asks what the finite-time guarantees and resource costs of such filtering are.

The authors construct a local ring Hamiltonian, conjugated by a CZ/Hadamard circuit, that has an exact cluster-state eigenvector. They model continuous monitoring of the local defect projectors and use a positive defect-operator gap to derive bounds on conditional fidelity, including under imperfect detection and coherent errors. Exact diagonalization and trajectory simulations supply finite-size evidence. A Lean 4/Mathlib project formally checks the circuit, Hamiltonian identities and filtering bounds for arbitrary mixed inputs.

The conditional cluster fidelity equals the initial target weight divided by the no-click probability. Finite-time bounds hold for nonnormal generators and finite detector efficiency. At fixed total monitoring rate, the guaranteed exponent scales inversely with system size. Diagonalization up to 11 qubits shows a cluster-state outlier in a chaotic spectrum.