A Spectral Proof of Khachiyan's Ellipsoid Conjecture
Zhou Longfei, Haijun Zou, Tianhao Liu
math.MG
Sep 23, 2026 · v1
math.OC
TL;DR
Lean 4 with Mathlib verifies the main theorem, sharpness via circular cones, and supporting results of Khachiyan's ellipsoid conjecture.
Abstract
For a convex body $K\subset\mathbb{R}^n$, let $w(K)$ denote the volume of its maximum-volume inscribed ellipsoid. We prove that every closed halfspace $H$ whose boundary passes through the center of the maximizing ellipsoid satisfies \[ w(K\cap H)\le\frac{\sqrt e}{2}\,w(K). \] The constant is optimal uniformly over all dimensions, as witnessed by a family of circular cones, thereby establishing Khachiyan's conjecture. The proof converts containment, maximality, and the central-cut condition into algebraic constraints on positive definite matrices. Two complementary spectral bounds from a diagonal model extend to arbitrary center displacements through a directional rank-one estimate for fractional trace powers. Concavity determines their joint optimum. We also derive finite-dimensional bounds and a necessary condition for near equality, with self-contained supporting proofs and an alternative resolvent argument. An AI language model discovered the proof in a human-directed research process. Lean 4 with mathlib verifies the main theorem, sharpness, and supporting results.
Problem
Khachiyan conjectured that for a convex body K, any halfspace H whose boundary passes through the center of the maximum-volume inscribed (John) ellipsoid satisfies w(K∩H) ≤ (√e/2) w(K), where w denotes maximal inscribed ellipsoid volume. Prior work established only weaker bounds (0.844).
Approach
Containment, maximality, and the central-cut condition are converted into algebraic constraints on positive definite matrices. Two complementary spectral bounds from a diagonal model are extended to arbitrary center displacements via a directional rank-one estimate for fractional trace powers, with concavity determining their joint optimum. Sharpness is witnessed by an explicit family of circular cones with limiting ratio √e/2. An AI language model discovered the proof in a human-directed process.
Results
The optimal dimension-independent constant √e/2 is established, proving Khachiyan's conjecture. Finite-dimensional bounds and a near-equality necessary condition are derived. Lean 4 with Mathlib verifies the main theorem, sharpness, and supporting results.